Highland County obtained its territory from Adams, Clermont, & Ross counties in 1805. As of 2000, the population was 40,875. Its county seat is Hillsboro and is named for the near by Fort Hill. A common misconception is that Hillsboro was named for the topography which is hilly and divides the watersheds of the Little Miami and Scioto Rivers.  Cities, towns, and villages (past and present) of Highland County are Greenfield, Highland, Hillsboro, Lynchburg, Leesburg, Mowrystown, & Sinking Spring.

*Highland County, Ohio, is situated toward the south east part of the state, and contains 555 square miles. It occupies the height of land between Scioto and Miami rivers. Watered by branches of Paint creek, Brush creek, and of the east fork of Miami river. The surface is elevated, and finely rolling, and the soil is fertile. Capital, Hillsboro'. There were in 1840, neat cattle 19,605, sheep 40,613, swine 42,546; wheat 373,974 bushels produced, rye 5,008, Indian corn 824,129, oats 252,525, potatoes 30,109, sugar 147,816 pounds; 88 stores, capital $150,000; 7 fulling mills, 28 tanneries, 1 distillery, 3 potteries, 7 flouring mills, 25 grist mills, 24 saw mills, 3 oil mills, 2 printing offices, 2 weekly newspapers. Capital in manufactures $45,337. 2 academies 150 students, 88 schools 5,102 scholars. Population: 22,269.

*Source: A Complete Descriptive And Statistical Gazetteer Of The United States Of America, By Daniel Haskel, A. M and J. Calvin Smith, Published By Sherman & Smith, 1843

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